Know the Risks, Warning Signs and Prevention of Diabetes

November is American Diabetes Month. Currently, more than 37 million Americans have diabetes—roughly 9% of the country's population.

Recognizing the disease as one of the most serious health risks in the US signals a warning to take steps toward a healthier lifestyle and learn the risks, warning signs and ways to prevent or live with diabetes.

Unfortunately, Louisiana makes up part of the "Diabetes Belt" — along with Southern neighbors Texas, Mississippi, Alabama, Florida and North Carolina. However, all news is not dire. New medications and monitoring technology, as well as research on preventing and mitigating effects of the disease continue to become available. It is important to educate yourself about risks, warning signs and prevention.

Diabetes Risk Factors

A combination of genetics and lifestyle factors increase risks, particularly for type 2 diabetes. Risks include:

  • Overweight or obesity
  • Age 50 and older
  • Family history
  • High blood pressure
  • High cholesterol
  • Physical inactivity
  • History of gestational diabetes
  • Stress
  • Smoking

Check your risks with the American Diabetes Association risk assessment test.

Diabetes Warning Signs and Symptoms

These symptoms of diabetes are typical even though some people experience mild symptoms that go unnoticed.

  • Frequent urination
  • Often feeling thirsty
  • Frequent hunger, even though you are eating
  • Extreme fatigue
  • Blurry vision
  • Cuts and bruises that are slow to heal
  • Weight loss even when eating more (type 1)
  • Tingling, pain or numbness in the hands/feet (type 2)

Type 1 diabetes occurs when your immune system mistakenly treats cells in the pancreas, which creates insulin, as foreign invaders and destroys them. It is typically diagnosed in young people but can develop in anyone at any age.

Type 2 is most commonly diagnosed, and the risks for developing it increase with age, being overweight and sedentary lifestyles. It results from the pancreas not making enough insulin, the body resisting insulin or a combination of the two.

Diabetes Prevention and Management

Prediabetes occurs if blood glucose (blood sugar) levels are high but not high enough to be diagnosed with diabetes. Early treatment and lifestyle changes can return levels to a normal range to prevent or delay type 2 diabetes.

  • Diet adjustments—eat in moderation to reduce calories and fat intake and include more fruits and vegetables; losing 10-15 pounds can make a difference
  • Stay active—get at least 30 minutes of physical activity five days a week
  • Limit time sitting or lying down during the day
  • Reduce stress
  • Stop smoking

The Diabetes Self-Management Program at Thibodaux Regional Wellness Education Center provides comprehensive diabetes services including WellFit Diabetes Care that integrates medical care with wellness practices. For more information visit, www.thibodaux.com/centers-services/diabetes-self-management/ or call (985) 493-4765.

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